A.+Adam

= = =ISLAM ASSESMENT TASK= == = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = == = = = = = = =CHRISTIANITY 2010= Paul's Early Life

· Acts 21:39 - tells us that paul is a jew from tarsus. · 2 Cor 11:22 - paul considers himself a hebrew, israelite and a descendant of abraham · Phil 3:5 - circumsised, people of israel, tribe of benjamin, hebrew of hebrews, a pharasie

· Acts 22:25-28 - born a roman citizen

Paul's Education

· Acts 23:6 Admits he is a pharasie to a group of sadducess and is the son of a pharasie · Acts 22:3 - brought up in this tarsus. Under Gamaliel he was thoroughly trained in the law of our fathers and was just as zealous for God as any of you are today.

· Acts 8:3 destroyed churchhes, draged women and children off to prision, bought up to hate christians · Acts 26:9-11 bought up thinking he was ment to persecute the jews, had to oppose the name of jesus · Acts 18:3 tent maker = = = = =KIDDUSHIN ASSESMENT = = = = = = = =HSC judaism= = Learning Prep due 2/3 - please place on your page on the Wiki. Read pages 32-41 and 84-87 Focusing on the issues of Euthanasia and Abortion answer the following questions: = = = = = = (islamic Jurisprudence resubmission)=
 * 1) **Define** ethics.
 * 2) **Define** bioethics.
 * 3) **Identify** the main teachings and their sources (eg. Torah, Talmud etc...) that are applied to these issues.
 * 4) **Describe** the Jewish teachings that specifically relate to the issue of Abortion within Judaism.
 * 5) **Describe** the Jewish teachings that specifically relate to the issue of Euthanasia within Judaism.

(word document parts A-C)

(jurisprudence paradigm)

Please download BOTH of above files for whole assessment task TIME LINE ((from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Islam+time+line-a0111025061)) 610 A.D.

Muslims believe that Muhammad, merchant from Makkah (Mecca begins receiving messages from Allah (God in Arabic). The divine visions will form the basis of the Koran, Islam's holy book. Muhammad leads a religious movement that worships Allah and no other deity (god).

622-633

Muhammad and his followers flee to Yathrib (later to be known as Medina) to escape [|religious persecution] Please see the relevant discussion on the. . Muslims commence their push through Arabia, spreading Islam. Muhammad dies in 632.
 * The neutrality and factual accuracy of this article are disputed.**

638-661

Muslim armies begin conquering areas of the old Byzantine and Persian empires. In 661, civil war erupts among Muslims after the [|assassination] Assassination See also Murder.

assassins

Fanatical Moslem sect that smoked hashish and murdered Crusaders (11th—12th centuries). [Islamic Hist.: Brewer //Note-Book//, 52]

Brutus

conspirator and assassin of Julius Caesar. [Br. of All, Muhammad's son-in-law and a religious leader.

750

The [|Umayyad dynasty]
 * Umayyad dynasty **

(661–750) First great Muslim dynasty. It was founded by Mu'awiyah I, who triumphed over the Prophet Muhammad's son-in-law, 'Ali, to become the fifth caliph. He moved the capital from Medina to Damascus and used the Syrian army to extend the Arab empire. fails. The next ruling dynasty, the Abbasids, establishes Baghdad as the empire' capital.

1095-1099 pope urban II calls for the Crusades a holy war against Muslims. In 1099, Christian armies conquer Muslim forces in Jerusalem, a city revered by Muslims, Jews, and Christians.

1187-1190

Saladin and Syria routs the Christian army at the Battle of the Horns of Hattin. The victory leads to Muslim force regaining control of Jerusalem.
 * Sultan of Egypt ** was the status held by the rulers of Egypt after the establishment of the Ayyubid Dynasty of Saladin in 1174 until the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in 1517. Though the extent of the Egyptian Sultanate ebbed and flowed, it generally included Sham and Hejaz, with the

1300-1918

[|Nomadic] See nomadic computing. Turkish tribes create the [|Ottoman Empire] Ottoman Empire (ŏt`əmən), vast state founded in the late 13th cent. by Turkish tribes in Anatolia and ruled by the descendants of Osman I until its dissolution in 1918. . In 1453, the Ottomans conquer the Byzantine capital of Constantinople, renaming it Istanbul. The empire eventually falls into decline and is defeated in World War I.

1947-1948

The United Nations votes to divide Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state. In 1948, the state of Israel is created. Arab forces, chiefly from Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, and Jordan, attack the new nation and are defeated.

1979

Islamic radicals overthrow the Shah of Iran. They establish the [|Islamic Republic] An **Islamic republic**, in its modern context, has come to mean several different things, some contradictory to others. Theoretically, to many religious leaders, it is a state under a particular theocratic form of government advocated by some Muslim religious leaders in the Middle of Iran, the first attempt at an Islamic state

Baghdad center of Islamic world, Different scholars went for open librarys and ancient findings Scholars were sent out to find info from other ancient worlds, Muslims took it upon them when christians found it blashpemus Islamic scholars created algebra other mathematical formulas and even rudimentary hospitles Information was passed throughout the world through print and paper and was able to be distributed a lot easier The muslims had light during the dark ageis Muslim capitle was originally the biggest mosk when it was first made, its now a cathedral, has basic cathedral archeteture Pope urban the second began to merge religion and army Sent holy knights to the holy city (Jerusalem) to commit genocide against the islam Muslims had no preperation and were taken by shock and lost. Crusaders began to build castles in the easter world to house there warriors. Traders moved passed the castles with textiles and food which was moved back to Europe after the crusades. Mongolians invaded Baghdad, burnt down mosks and librarys. At the end of the pillage the mongolians were converted to islam because of the beauty of the land.

Allah wants for the muslim people to live an ethical life. They get these ethical teachings from the Qur’an. The sacred law is called the shari’ah (pathway). It encompasses the whole of human life.

// P art C // – ** __Describe__ ** the importance of ethical teachings in determining that which is (i) halal and (ii) haraam (5 marks) 1 mark = define halal (214 of textbook, or http://www.ifanca.org/halal/) 1 mark= define haram (214 of textbook or delicious) 1 mark= example of halal (food, or ethics) (from website) 1 mark = example of haram (website) 1 mark = summary statement. (OWN reflection from the above points) // Halal is an Arabic word for lawful or permitted //. Halal can be related to ethical issues as well as food, for example, Halal chicken is permitted for a Muslim to eat because it has been killed in a lawful manner. The opposite of Halal is haram.

Haram is an Arabic word for unlawful or unpermitted. An example of haram would be to eat food not killed in the correct sacrificial manner and also going against ethical teachings of islam, for example, murdering a person.

Halal and Haram are both equally important to islam because halal enlightens Muslims on the way to live there life, and haram enlightens them on what they should not be doing throughout there daily lives. The Islamic ethical teaching outlines the importance and helps a muslim to determine that which is halal and haram and through these, they help to understand how to live an ethical life.

There are many unique traits that separate Christianity from other monotheistic religions such as Judaism. The unique key trait of the Christians faith came into existence during 4 BCE, the birth of Jesus Christ. Christianity can be split into two main groups, the catholics, and the Protestants, each having their own different variants. The great split between the two occurred in 1517 AD when martin Luther protested against the pope, and the power the pope has over the religion, the result being the great schism. One thing that both variants of Christianity have in common is the Nicene Creed. The creed formulated at the council of Nicaea speaks very strongly about the divinity and also the humanity of Jesus Christ. To understand weather or not Jesus was human or divine, you must first understand the meaning of both. Divinity means to be of, from, or like a god. Humanity means to have characteristics of neither god nor animal, to be unique and also to be mortal. The Nicene creed states that Jesus “was begotten not made of one being with the father, with the father and the son he is worshiped and glorified, his kingdom will have no end.” The ability to perform miracles (such as Jesus heals a born blind man, john 9:1) and be resurrected from the dead is the qualities that make Jesus divine. In spite of these divine qualities, the Nicene Creed also states Jesus “became incarnate of the Virgin Mary, and was made man” it also states “he suffered death and was buried.” Along with this proclamation of faith, evidence of the humanity of Christ comes from the bible when it talks about Jesus’ emotions, particularly that of anger as shown in the bible of the Christians when Jesus curses a fig tree because it will not bare fruit (mark 11:21) the catholic catechism says this about Jesus’ humanity/divinity “The unique and altogether singular event of the Incarnation of the Son of God does not mean that Jesus Christ is part God and part man, nor does it imply that he is the result of a confused mixture of the divine and the human. He became truly man while remaining truly God. Jesus Christ is true God and true man. During the first centuries, the Church had to defend and clarify this truth of faith against the heresies that falsified it.” CC 464 Historians such as Josephus have taught us that it was traditional for roman’s to crucify people as a means of execution in the era of Jesus. Josephus also communicated to us that Jesus was indeed a real man, so it can be said to be historically accurate that Jesus was indeed crucified on a cross, and this is the humanity side of the story, the divine being that to complete the prophecy, the son of god must suffer a mortal death to deliver us all from sin, which Jesus Christ did by being resurrected from the dead three days after his crucifixion. This resurrection is vital to Christian belief because this shows the Christians the strongest link Jesus had to the divine. Whilst essentially Christianity is monotheistic, the belief of three parts of god confuses most, and many question how can Christianity be monotheistic but still have three gods? The answer lies in the faith of the Christian people, all variants, some more so then others believe in one god, who appears in three forms, god the father, god the son, and god the Holy Spirit. While seen as three different beings, they all form together to create the “one god, the lord the giver of life, through him all things were made”(Nicene creed) The bible is essential to the Christian denominations, some more then others, but it is essential all the same because the bible played an important role in the creation of Christianity. Coming from a Jewish tradition the rots of Christianity are still linked to the essential beliefs of Judaism, this is why the old testament of the Christian bible is composed of the Jewish TANACH, incorporating things like the 10 commandments into the Christian religion. This old testament of the bible formed the foundation of which the Christian religion was built on. The parts of the Christian religion that separated them from denominations of Judaism came from the New Testament. The new testament of the bible contains the life of Jesus according to four people, Matthew, mark, Luke and john. Not only does it contain these four gospels that tell of Jesus’ life and his teachings, it also contains several letters, like those of St. Paul (e.g. second letter of St. Paul to the Corinthians), which spread the word of Christianity throughout the world. The bible is essential because it provides the core beliefs to all Christians. Catholics also have the pope to inform them with information of there beliefs, and from this they created the catechism of catholic beliefs which draws on the bible, where as, the protestants use the bible like there pope and trust it to teach them about there beliefs. This is why the bible was essential to the development of the Christian religion, and is still a relevant part of Christian life today.
 * __The divinity and humanity of Jesus Christ__**
 * __The death and resurrection of Jesus Christ__**
 * __God and the trinity__**
 * __The bible__**

= = Exodus:20 and Deuteronomy:5 commandments: - worship no god but me - do not bow down or worship any idols - do not use my name for evil purposes - observe the Sabbath and keep it holy - respect your father and your mother - do not commit murder - do not commit adultery - do not steal - do not accuse anyone falsely - do not desire another man’s possesions.

[]
 * WEEK 7 - Wednesday and Thursday Self Directed Learning** You are required to complete the following research using the links below

**[|**Origin of the Name of Jesus**]**
In this article, we shall consider the two words -- "Jesus" and "Christ" -- which compose the Sacred Name. []

**Questions**
1. Explain the origin of the name (a) Jesus and (b) Christ. the name Jesus is derived from a Greek word which is a translation from the Hebrew word Joshua, it means Jehovah is salvation. the word Christ is the Greek word for anointed, it did not become a name until after the resurrection of Jesus. 2. Use the scripture quotes in the reading (a) find 5 Scripture passages and write out the whole quote (b) Who was Josephus? 3. Give the Latin name for (a) Jesus and (b) Christ the Latin name for Jesus is in-fact Jesus. the Latin name for Christ is Christos 4. How did the title 'Christian' develop? the word christians was the term given to the followers of jesus. the word christians meaning “followers of the anointed”

**[|**The Holy Name of Jesus**]**
We give honour to the Name of Jesus, because it reminds us of all the blessings we receive through our Holy Redeemer. [] Questions 1. Use this reading to outline why the name of Jesus is holy. the name of Jesus is not holy because we believe the words have power to them, but because it reminds us of the blessings that jesus left us with. 2. What role have the various Popes (Urban IV, John XXIII, Clement XIII and Benedict XIII) played in ensuring the name of Jesus is holy. the popes have played an important role in making the name of Jesus holy by placing significance in it through prayers and blessings. also in doing things “in Jesus Christs name” 3. Why is IHS significant for Christians? IHS is important to Christians because in the medieval times it was the initials that were given to the name of Jesus Christ.

**[|**Early Historical Documents Concerning Jesus Christ**]**
In this article, we discuss the ancient historical documents -- pagan, Jewish, and Christian -- referring to Christ's life and work. [] Questions 1. Outline what **//pagan//** sources say about Jesus? pagan sources describe jesus as a suspicous character, christian events are not often mentioned by pagen sources because religion was seen as unimportant 2. Outline what **__Tacitius__** has to say about Jesus? tacitus claimed that jesus was seen a superstition by the romans, and for this reason he was put to death under pontius pilate. 3. Describe what Pliny the Younger says about Jesus? pliny said that there was no evidance for the crimes that jesus was convicted of, he could also track the worship of christianity back to jesus or nazareth. 4. Describe Josephus' understanding of Jesus. josephus saw jesus as a wise man who was well lernt in the jewish tradition and made a good teacher, he also said that during jesus' death, his people did not abandon him. 5. Outline what Christian sources say about Jesus? christians see jesus as both devine and human, he is known to be the son of god who became incarnate of the virgin mary.

**[|**Chronology of the Life of Christ**]**
In this article, we shall endeavour to establish the absolute and relative chronology of our Lord's life [] Questions 1. Construct a Time line of the Chronology of the life of Jesus. Ensure that you attribute a scripture passage to each point on the time line.

**[|**The Character of Jesus Christ**]**
Here we consider the character of Jesus as manifested first in His relation to men, then in His relation to God. [] Questions 1. From the section 'Divinity of Jesus' what is your understanding of the Divinity of Jesus? the divinity of jesus was essential to him becoming the main aspect of the christian religion. jesus was devine because he came of god, he was begotten not made, and he had the power to cause miricles and influence nature.

**[|**The Mystery of the Incarnation**]**
The Incarnation is the mystery and dogma of the Word made Flesh. [] Questions 1. Outline the Nature of the Incarnation as described in Section II 2. Outline the effects of the incarnation on Christ Himself (Section III) 3. Define The Incarnation.

**[|**The Resurrection of Jesus Christ**]**
Resurrection is the rising again from the dead, the resumption of life. In this article, we shall treat of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ, including its characteristics and importance [] Questions 1. Construct a Table of Facts about the Resurrection of Jesus. jesus was ressurected 3 days after his death, he was changed when he came back from the dead. 2. List 5 Scripture passages that support the Resurrection of Jesus.2. Matthew 28: 1-3 Luke 24:2 Mark 16:5-7 John 20:3-10 Mark 16:12-13 3. Choose ONE opposing THEORY and outline the central ideas of this theory. many people could have believed that the desciples of jesus stole his body, however, this does not explain how he was seen even after death by people who were not his desciples (emmaus story)

**[|**Devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus**]**
Devotion to the Sacred Heart is but a special form of devotion to Jesus [] Questions 1. Explain the concept of devotion in relation to Christianity. christians have a great deal of commitment and faith in jesus and the sacred heart, they believe in jesus, his abilities, and his principles very strongly. the idea of sacred heart is a metaphor for this commitment and faith and love towards jesus buring inside all christians. 2. Outline the historical ideas on the development of devotion.

**[|**Christology**]**
Christology is that part of theology which deals with Our Lord Jesus Christ. In its full extent it comprises the doctrines concerning both the person of Christ and His works; but in the present article we shall limit ourselves to a consideration of the person of Christ []

Questions
1. Outline Pauline Christology in dot points 2. Outline Christ's divinity in Pauline epistles. 3 In point form LIST the Christology of Catholic epistles. = = =**Please ENSURE you add you answers to your WIKI during EACH lesson.**=

= = 1) Judaism is centralised around the monotheistic believe of one god, the creator of all. Through many different agreements with god, the Jewish people have been given many differing laws, which are there mitzvots. These mitzvots are the basis of how the Jewish people should live their lives, following the one god. These commandments have been given to the Jewish people through many different covenants, or B’rits with god such as god giving the Decalogue to Moses. B’rits as it exists in Judaism are agreements between god and mankind.

2) Yahweh, the Jewish god, has many attributes related to him. Yahweh’s **__power over man and nature__** caused one of his attributes to be **__fear,__** for example, the Hebrews feared Yahweh during the time of the 10 plagues in Egypt in the book of exodus, the 10th in particular, they feared Yahweh’s power so they did as he commanded so there first born sons would be spared death. Yahweh’s adherents associated him as a **__masculine figure__**. This was because the society was a patriarchal society, where males were seen to have the power. Through out the torah Yahweh is referred to as a “**__he__**” showing the masculine imagery. Yahweh was also shown as a **__powerful__** being who had power over the natural world and mankind and is also **__incorporeal__** and **__omnipotent__**. Following god from a Jewish perspective is an obligation more then a privilege, as the traditions of the religion are passed down through the generations, this obligation was a special blessing or mitzvah given to the Hebrews through the mosaic law which can be found in exodus 20 and Deuteronomy 5. This Decalogue along with the 613 mitzvots gives the Jewish people the moral laws that influence there day to day lives. For example mitzvots 106 states Not to castrate the male of any species; neither a man, nor a domestic or wild beast, nor a fowl, as found in Leviticus 22:24. This means to the Hebrews that the dissection of pets is against the moral law and therefore they would not have their male pets castrated. Another example is in mitzvot number 144 stating ‘Not to eat the flesh of unclean beasts’ as found in Leviticus 11.4. This law means that Jewish people are limited to what kinds of animal meat they are aloud to eat, and also means that they must be weary of buying meats from stores that they are not purchasing unclean meats. All of these 613 mitzvots were given to the Hebrew people through various B’rits, or covenants with god. B’rits between man and god are the central foundation on which Judaism has been fabricated. The mosaic covenant for example is centralized because through the exodus Gods powers were reveled to the Hebrew people. The Decalogue given to Moses at mount Sinai that inform these people how they are to live. This B’rit was one of many, as the Decalogue are only 10 of the 613 Mitzvots, the other 603 located throughout the Talmud

3) Throughout the Jewish belief, the monotheistic idea of one god is central to the views of the world around the people. This belief is significant to the Jewish adherent because it allows them to centralize their creation myths and makes them unique. All though god is not responsible for everything that happens in his creation to this date, the Jewish adherents use the idea of god creating the perfect world to generate the idea that if we make the world perfect again god will once upon descend from his transcendent state. Moral laws dictate how a Jewish adherent should be living their lives. These include all 613 mitzvots including the Mosaic Law or the Decalogue. Jewish law states very specifically the punishment of hanging or burning or stoning for people that have committed a murder. However, it capital punishment has been frowned upon by modern society so are the Jewish people suppose to change these laws or continue following the old ways, debates such as these are often raised with old ethical practices conflicting with modern. The ideas of covenants with god are still alive today. These ideas that the Jewish people have are shown in their every day to day lives, for example, the way the adherent religiously follow the mitzvots. Another covenant that is perhaps the most important is the covenant with Abraham, the Jewish people still circumcise there young to show the importance of god leading them to there promised land where they could become many great nations of Jewish people. Another way the Jewish adherents keep the central covenants alive today is through the Shabbat. Every Friday night about 18 minutes before dusk the Shabbat candle is lit. The house is cleaned and the best dishes are placed out. At this time a blessing is said by the woman in the house, this officially begins Shabbat. After this blessing a family will attend a short service at their synagogue. After the service the man reads a pray over called the Kiddush. After the Kiddush a meal is partaken following all of the mitzvots on dietary needs. During the meal a prayer for eating bread is said over two loaves; these loaves are called the Challah. Whilst relaxing the family partakes in a luxurious meal together. After the meal the Birkat ha-mazon is recited, which is a pray said after meals. On Saturdays the family all go to the synagogue to pray, after prayers the torah is studied at home and a light meal is eaten that evening. This is all to shown the significance of covenants and how much they worship and respect god. The Shabbat is the day Yahweh rested after creating the world.

All of these ideals have shaped the Jewish culture and believes and strongly influence the beliefs and lives of the Jewish adherent

According to jewish tradition, a covenant, or a B’rit is an agreement between a man, mankind and god. There is reference to many different covenants in the jewish law, many of these occurring with Abraham. An example of a covenant according to jewish tradition is the first covenant with god made by Abraham. This covenant intailed Abraham leaving his home and his family and In return god would look after him and grant him great nations of desendants.

[[file:Questions for Discussion re.doc]] my delicious http://delicious.com/network/dragona130
Adam's Learning Journal

JUDAISM

The covenant with Israel - Gods B’rits with the Israelites occurred upon mount Sinai. This covenant was brought upon the people through Moses. Moses came down from the mountain with two tablets containing the written 10 commandments given to the people from god. The Israelites were to use these commandments to live by. The seal of the B’rits was the circumcision as was given in the covenant with Abraham. This is showing that all Jewish people need to follow these rules. - A covenant/B’rits in a religious point of view is an agreement between god and mankind.

Covenants form the biases of a religion. This is particularly shown in monotheistic religions such as Judaism. The Jewish people have many different b’rits with god such as the covenant with the Israelites as described above.

Abraham, born abram at about 1800BCE was born to a idol maker named tarach. The fact that tarach was an idol maker informs us that abram was born into a polytheist society. At a young age god most likely tantalized abrams mind and abram begain to question his faith. Abram began to believe that instead of many dieties, on all mighty being created the universe. God spoke to abram and said, “if you leave your home and your family, I will grant you lands and great nations of people.” Abram accepted this all mighty god and left his home and his family. This would have been a very difficult decision for abram as the society was a very strong patriarch based society, and by leaving he was disowning his inheritance. Abram became a nomad and married a woman by the name of sarai. Sarai was unable to have children so she offered his maid as a wife to abram. Abram accepted and he conceived a child. This child was named Ishmael. One day, god spoke to abram again. In this he changed both abrams name to Abraham and sarai’s name to sarah. Abraham had to in exchange for this gift praise the all mighty god and as a sign of acceptance into the b’rit, circumcise every male in his family, weather they be conceived or bought. Abraham and sarah concived a child named issac. To test abrahams faith god told him to sacrafice his son to him. Just as he was about to sacrafice issac god stoped him pleased with the result. Abraham as a result of the first brit became the first patriarch of the israelites. His son issac became the second patriarch, and his son Jacob became the third patriarch.

Abram was an old man at 99 years of age when god spoke to him and made a covenent with him. The covenant ment that god made abram Abraham and would make him fruitful and he would become the father of many generations and he would give birth to many great kings and leaders. The covenant also entailed Abraham to have every male that belonged to him circumcised as a sign of worship to god. This is how Abraham became the first patriarch of the israelites. Abraham had two sons, one to his slave girl named Ishmael and the other to his wife sarah after the covenant with god named issac. Issac went on to become the second patriarch of the israelites and Ishmael formed the Islamic religion.

nature of religion = = Believers have always influenced religion, however many different beliefs have come about causing different religious views. I believe that if more people believed that the divine interventions, or god, came from within them the world would be a much different place. More harmonious relations between people would come about. There would be much more less conflict and violence in the world. No one would be discriminated against because of their beliefs. If everyone in the world believed that these divine interventions came from within there body and souls then there would be no need for people to carry protection from other people. People would not have to hide there religious belief, because everyone’s would be the same. The education of people would be different, for example, catholic/Islamic schools etc would not exist because everyone would be unified under the one belief. I believe that if everyone saw that all the divine and supernatural things that happen in this world resided in them, that the world would be a happier place.

//Adam it is true that believers do influence religion! Is this why many different religions have emerged?? If you consider that Christianity, Judaism and Islam believe in an immanent response than why do we have conflict? Do people hid their beliefs? How would this internal belief bring about change? Can the world be happier? Was the world ever happy? Can the world be happy without a divine being?//

this possibly could be why many religions have merged, also why many polytheist religions have become theist relgions. the different religions do all believe in immanent interventions, however there beliefs are still differing, and it is these differents that make conflict between them, take for example the christians and the jewish religion, the christians believe that jesus their saviour has come where as the jewish people believe he was only a prophet and are still awaiting there saviour. people have hidden there believes in the past, like during the holocost, and people may not hide the fact that they are religious in this day, but they do not reveal there whole religious belief. this enternal belief would bring about the change because everyone would be unified in there beliefs. the world can be happier, if people believe in the same thing then i believe that people would not fight, and everything would be evenly shared. in my sense of view the world was never happy, even duing B.C times there was conflict mostly because of religion. take the ancient egyptians for example, the society shunned the jews and used them as slaves because they were different. in my personal view the world will not be happy without a divine being because without shareing a belief there will be no shareing of anything, and one of the reasons we are having a war at the moment is because of the oil in iraq. if the americans and the rest of the world were able to believe in the same thing it would bring unity allowing people to share.

HYDROSTIC REFLECTION:i believe that our group effort was really well put together the presentation was immaculate with everyone giving balanced and detailed explanations "the presentation was very intreaging and captivating" stated a fine young scholar i think that the mark we recieved was well diserved due to the hard effort and work we put in.

REFLECTION ON ABORIGINAL DREAMING AND THE FIRST FLEET: After observing the first episode of “the first australians” my views on the way the first fleet landed, or invaded the aboriginal population has been changed in drastic ways. The way that the british people came into the country justifying their actions by saying they were trying to make the aboriginal people more civilized and then slaughtering thousands of the native people brings forth strong emotions in me, the first being anger towards what was done, the second being sadness and sympathy towards the aboriginal people. The idea of someone coming into my home, invading it and killing my family is almost unbareable, and I cannot imagine what the aboriginal people would be feeling with there whole country invaded. The fact that the british people saw it as being a friendly gesture towards the aboriginal people is indeed a insult towards this ancient society that was quite well climatized to the conditions of Australia.

introduction to spirituality: A: a small a should be used in the word aboriginal when the word is being used to discribe people native to a country where as a captial A should be used when talking about the australian Aboriginals.

A: the term aboriginal native is what was originaly used by the european settlers when they did not accept the aboriginal people into there government. the term Aborigine is prefered by the Aboriginies because it shows that they are being accepted into the nation as equils and does not place them in a group of non-existant beings.

A: terra nullius is the term given to the australian continent. it means, empty land, or land belonging to no one. this concept came about australia when captian cook first discoverd australia. even though his ships were met by fire and spears, the fact that the aboriginal people were nomadic and had no fixed establishments was seen by cook as the aboriginal people having no ownership over the land.

connection with the land - due to the nomadic and the way of life, the inextricable bond between the Aboriginal people and the land on which they live was bound to happen. the bond entails special practices and rituals in which they take from the land, but also return what they take to the land. || - the Aboriginal people are nomadic people who move in groups usualy in well defined geographical areas. -members of each group, or tribe shared different views than the other groups, and often spoke different dialects of the Aboriginal language. -special rituals and practices developed over time in accordance to the beliefs of the Aboriginal groups or tribes. || as you can see from the table above, the bond between the land (belief system) greatly effects the behaviours of the Aboriginal peoples day to day life.
 * belief system || behaviours ||
 * -the aboriginal belief system holds an inextricable


 * the dreaming doc.

in both the Aboriginal definition of the dreaming and the white mans, a few things are remarkably clear throughout both. these are; the idea of a intimate relationship with the land in the past the present and the future, the idea that aboriginal people are the embodiment of the land and also the idea that the dreaming gives the aboriginal people a belief about life and the afterlife. all of these things should be included in a definition about the dreaming. a good definition of the dreaming is A coplex concept of fundamental importance to the aboriginal culture, embracing the creative era long past (when anscestrial beings roamed and instituted aboriginal society) as well as the present and the future.

the definition, past present and furture does indeed fit the definition of the dreaming, this is because the dreaming tells about how the Aboriginal people came to be, why they are living, and also the fact that once they die thier souls will continue to live in the dreaming although there bodies do not. the aboriginals believe that all things are in the dreaming, the past, the present and the future, is just a modern view on this aspect.

the emu and the turkey: the emu and the turkey were sisters. both were able to fly, and each had several young. one day the emu played a trick on her sister and hid all her young except for two. the emu then said to the turkey, "i now have only two young, i killed the others" the turkey not wanting to be second best to the emu then killed her young except for two. after she commited this act, the emu lifted her wings to reveal all her young. the turkey wanted revenge on the emu because of what she had done, so she sat on her wings and said to emu, "look i have cut off my wings because i am tired of flying" the emu then did the same, and once she cut off her wings, the turkey stood up and flew away

this story relates to several things on the aboriginal dreaming wheel including; hunting and gathering, animals, social and division of labour. art stories songs sacred objects http://www.jintaart.com.au/paintingweek/month20.html This painting relates to the site of Warlukurlangu south of Yuendumu. It tells the story of a Blue Tongue Lizard man who set fire to the surrounding countryside to pursue and punish his two sons, who refused to share a kangaroo they had killed.

iconography** circles || shows routes between sites or places || to it || represents people sitting and the lines are weapons or domestic tools ||
 * symbol || description ||
 * concetric circles || Concentric circles usually represent campsites or rock holes ||
 * straight lines between
 * wavey line across painting || show water or rain ||
 * U shaped figure with lines next

the following images were obtained from http://www.jintaart.com.au/iconography/iconhmpg.htm campsiteemu

footprintsgoanna

men hunting rain siteswater hole

the land: An example from the text given of metamorphosis is “the highest mountain peak in Australia is said to be the body of a man traveling from the east who gazed up at Ularu.” An example of imprinting in the text give is the story about how the ancestors traveled around the world shaping and forming the land with their feet and bodies. An example of externalization in the text given has been shown towards the end where it talks of lake Eyre being formed by the kangaroo skin that the aboriginal boy threw on the ground.

=**Self - Directed Learning - DUE Friday Week 6**= • outline the nature of the Dreaming in relation to: – origins of the universe – sacred sites – stories of the Dreaming – symbolism and art

• discuss the diversity of the Dreaming for Aboriginal peoples

• recognise the importance of the Dreaming for the life of Aboriginal peoples

• investigate the inextricable connection of the Dreaming, the land and identity

DISPOSITION! The topic of disposition is a very touchy topic for most people, if not all. Disposition means to be removed from something of which you have an inextricable connection. For example, tsunami victims have their homes, farms and other forms of welfare torn away from them. This would make me feel incredibly void of hope, and full of despair, and pessimism. This has happened on a much wider scale then this though. Imagine, a whole nation of people being forcefully removed from the land and having this connection ripped out of them through the weapons of the British. This happened to the Aboriginal people. I cannot begin to imagine what it would have felt like, but I think that it would be like having no will to continue living, particularly because this land, or the dreaming was indeed the past the present and the future. I empathize with the aboriginal people, and pray for their poor souls. May they find peace.

=ANCIENT RELIGIONS ASSESMENT= = PERSONAL REFLECTIONS.= 17/03/09-

learning about how to right a planed propsal today was an excellent skill to obtain and i strongly believe that it will help me and the rest of the class in the future. it is a good process because not only does it help us to plan what we are intending to do, but it also helps the teacher to see clearly what we are planing, and allows them to offer guidance easily.

ANCIENT EGYPT CREATION MYTH KEY POINTS: -the ocean was the only thing in existance at first -ra hatched out of an egg that first appeared on the surface of the water. -ra had 4 childrean, Shu and Ceb (males) and tefnut and nut(females/godesses) -shu and tefnut stood on ceb and became the atmosphere. ceb became earth and nut was held up and became the day -geb and nut had 4 children, osiris, seti, nephysis, isis -osiris became king of earth successing ra -set envied osiris killed him, chopped him up into 16 different pieces and hid im in 16 different locations -isis, osiris wife, set out to find the pieces, and embalmed them to form the first mummy, she then breathed life back into him, with the help of anubis, who then became the god of embalming, and raised him into the heavens to rule the afterlife. -horus, osiris and isis' son, had a battle with set and took back the throne from his uncle. this battle shaped the earth. (this will make a very good imovie)

the role of the supernatural in the ancient egyptian religion is a great factor, if not the main factor. this is evident through all of the myths and legends consisted within the religous beliefs and practices. this is particularly evident in the story about the death of osiris. after isis gatherd his severed body parts and bound them together using linin, she breathed the life back into him, with the help of Anubis. This process formed the first mummy and allowed osiris to move into the underworld, where he rules. this story causes the dead of egypt to be mummified so that they also may pass into the underworld if deemed fit by anubis. also the many prayers and rituals in every day to day life shows the great supernatural impact. the idea of the book of the dead for example. this book is said to contain spells that will resurect someones soul so they may move into the underworld.

the eye of horus is widely used throughout the everyday life of an egyptian as a symbol of luck and an amulet to ward off evil. the eye of horus represents the eye horous lost during the epic battle with his uncle seth.

SARAH-JANE PRESENTATION. i think that sarah-janes presentation was well written and the presentation was basic which was very effective because it made us place our attention to sarah herself. eye contact needs to be worked on but was reallly well done.

=**Celtic – Wednesday 1 April SDL**= =**Useful Web Sites for this study**:=

Celtic Culture: http://www.joellessacredgrove.com/Celtic/history.html#history Celtic Mythology: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_Mythology The Religion of the Ancient Celts: http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/celt/rac/ An on-line book by J. A. MacCulloch [1911] Celtic art site: http://gate.cia.edu/cbergengren/arthistory/celtic/ Celtic Religion: http://www.draeconin.com/database/celtreli.htm What we don’t know about the Ancient Celts: http://www.conjure.com/whocelts.html

=**Activity Origins of the Celts**=

• Using the Web Links above and below answer the following questions on your WIKI • 1. Describe celtic culture • 2. Recount ONE (1) Celtic Myth • 3. Outline the basic elements of the Celtic Religion • 4. Explain the New Order of the Druids

=**Support Material**:= http://gate.cia.edu/cbergengren/arthistory/celtic/ What we don’t know about the Ancient Celts: http://www.conjure.com/whocelts.html Celtic Culture: http://www.joellessacredgrove.com/Celtic/history.html#history Celtic Mythology: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_Mythology The New Order of Druids: http://www.druidcircle.net/ click on “Celtic tradition”.



**Adam it is good to see you building the information on this page. Unfortunately there are several 'gaps' in the information. The final work from last week needs to be posted on this page. In order to obtain a higher grade you must ensure that you follow through and post the work after it is completed. I would suggest you build an additional section for subject specific terminology.**